In China, people don't often use gestures when they are talking unless they are showing something to others. According to Chinese culture, using gestures during a conversation may be considered as impolite. That's because China has customs about nonverbal communication which are conservative such as people should look at others' eyes, stand straightly, don't shake body, don't point at others and don't use gestures during a conversation.
In the United States, people do often use gestures when they are talking with someone. That's may because America has customs about nonverbal communication which are more free and open-mind than Chinese customs. American like to use gestures such as shrug shoulders, shake head and nod head, which are kind of body language, to show their mood, to describe their opinions or suggestions during conversations.
The interesting thing is there are similarities between China and the United Stated about nonverbal caonversation. In both of the two countries, people like to use smile. The smile is use to show a person's mood, to describe an agreement or a disagreement, etc. Another similatity is using eye contact. Both Chinese and American use it during a speaking, and it considered a very polite behivor. One more similarity is having body space. In China, it's quite impolite and nasty if there is no body space between two people during a conversation. It's the same in the United State. America is a contry which has certain customs about privacy. People are open-mind and like to share somthing with others, but there is also should have private space. Body space is way to show this privacy. And, it also meas to be polite, of course.
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